France's many revolutions and republics: 1750 -1900 Enlightenment and Revolution

The French Revolution of 1789 was one of the most significant events in French history. It was sparked by a financial crisis, caused by extravagant spending and borrowing by the French government.

The French Revolution led to the establishment of the First Republic in 1792, which abolished the monarchy and feudalism and established a new constitution.

The First Republic was overthrown in 1799 by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established the First Empire in 1804.

The French Revolution of 1830 overthrew the First Empire and established the July Monarchy, a constitutional monarchy led by King Louis-Philippe.

The Second Republic was established in 1848, after the February Revolution. This republic was short-lived, however, and was overthrown by Napoleon III in 1851.

The Third Republic was established in 1870 after the Franco-Prussian War. This republic lasted until 1940, when it was replaced by the Vichy government after the German invasion.

The Fourth Republic was established in 1944 after the liberation of France from German occupation. This republic lasted until 1958, when it was replaced by the Fifth Republic.

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