Overview of Chinese history 1911-1949: The 20th century

1911 marks the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China.

Sun Yat-sen becomes the first president of the Republic of China in 1912 and attempts to modernize the country.

In 1916, Yuan Shikai becomes president and attempts to restore a monarchy in China, but is unsuccessful.

The warlord period follows, with regional leaders vying for power.

In 1927, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is established and gains power in some regions.

Japan invades Manchuria in 1931 and the Second Sino-Japanese War begins in 1937.

The Chinese Civil War between the CCP and the Nationalists begins in 1946, ending in 1949 with the victory of the CCP and the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.

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